系统为Ubuntu24，配置过程参考了菜鸟教程：

Ubuntu Docker 安装 | 菜鸟教程

下载官方的安装脚本：

curl -fsSL https://test.docker.com -o test-docker.sh

给脚本赋予可执行权限：

sudo chmod +x test-docker.sh

运行脚本：

sudo sh test-docker.sh

试运行hello world，这里一般会报错（由于众所周知的网络原因）：

sudo docker run hello-world

运行结果：Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally docker: Error response from daemon: Get "https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/": net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers). See 'docker run --help'.

需要配置daemon文件，填写其他的镜像网站：

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

将一下内容粘贴上去：

{ 
    "registry-mirrors": 
        [ 
        "https://2a6bf1988cb6428c877f723ec7530dbc.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com", 
        "https://docker.m.daocloud.io", 
        "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com", 
        "https://mirror.baidubce.com", 
        "https://your_preferred_mirror", 
        "https://dockerhub.icu", 
        "https://docker.registry.cyou", 
        "https://docker-cf.registry.cyou", 
        "https://dockercf.jsdelivr.fyi", 
        "https://docker.jsdelivr.fyi", 
        "https://dockertest.jsdelivr.fyi", 
        "https://mirror.aliyuncs.com", 
        "https://dockerproxy.com", 
        "https://mirror.baidubce.com", 
        "https://docker.m.daocloud.io", 
        "https://docker.nju.edu.cn", 
        "https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn", 
        "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn", 
        "https://mirror.iscas.ac.cn", 
        "https://docker.rainbond.cc" 
        ] 
}

重新读取daemon文件，并重启docker服务，然后再次测试hello world：

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl restart docker.service

sudo docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally latest: Pulling from library/hello-world c1ec31eb5944: Pull complete Digest: sha256:1b7a37f2a0e26e55ba2916e0c53bfbe60d9bd43e390e31aacd25cb3581ed74e6 Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest Hello from Docker! This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

成功了！

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对于需要用到多容器集群的项目，需要用到docker-compose，从github下载：

curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose 

并赋予可执行权限：

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

最后查看是否安装成功：

docker-compose -v